解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The apical membrane epithelial Na(+) channel subunit (ENaC) in series with the basolateral Na(+)/K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase mediates collecting duct Na(+) reabsorption. Aldosterone induces αENaC gene transcription, which appears to be rate limiting for ENaC activity in this segment. Although this response has long ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2013.05.010
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been known for decades that urinary potassium excretion varies with a circadian pattern. In this review, we consider the historical evidence for this phenomenon and present an overview of recent developments in the field. Extensive evidence from the latter part of the past century clearly shows that circadian p...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2013.04.003
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are emerging data that the skeleton is connected to systemic biological functions through the release of two osteoblast-/osteocyte-derived hormones, fibroblastic growth factor 23 (FGF23) and undercarboxylated osteocalcin (Ocn). FGF23 is important in the regulation of phosphate and vitamin D metabolism, whereas O...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.12.014
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessment of adiposity should include measurements of both body mass index and waist circumference. The prevalence of obesity, based on a body mass index of 30 kg/m(2) or greater, has increased substantially over the past 2 decades in Western societies. Obesity remains the number one preventable risk factor for chron...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.12.006
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Care of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has changed during the past 30 years. Tools to control hyperglycemia have improved and it was shown that improvement in glycemic control diminished the risk of late diabetic complications, including nephropathy. Moreover, in patients with impaired renal function, aggressive ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.07.002
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-based therapy, designed to promote angiogenesis and improve organ function, has been under investigation for the treatment of ischemic heart disease for more than 10 years. Although believed to work primarily by repairing the microvasculature, this form of therapy has not been examined in the setting of chronic k...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.07.012
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, it has become apparent that parietal epithelial cells (PECs) play an important role within the renal glomerulus, in particular in diseased conditions. In this review, we examine current knowledge about the role of PECs and their interactions with podocytes in development and under physiological condit...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.06.007
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) isoforms are profibrotic cytokines, par excellence, and have complex multifunctional effects on many systems, depending on the biologic setting. Retinoids are vitamin A derivatives that also have diverse effects in development, physiology, and disease. The interactions between thes...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.04.008
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thrombotic microangiopathy represents the clinical picture of thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia in the setting of small blood vessel thrombosis, accompanied by varying degrees of organ dysfunction. Well known to both nephrologists and hematologists alike, among the most common and best-studied thrombotic microangi...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.02.007
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A complex pathophysiology, cardio-renal syndrome (CRS), has been redefined in recent years. One subtype is acute renocardiac CRS, or CRS type 3. This syndrome is intended to comprise situations in which acute kidney injury (AKI) results in acute cardiac injury or dysfunction. The pathophysiology of CRS type 3 is not w...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.11.005
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardio-Renal syndrome (CRS) is a common and complex clinical condition in which multiple causative factors are involved. The time window between renal insult and development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in acute heart failure (AHF) can be varied in different patients and AKI often is diagnosed too late, only when the ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.11.015
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diuretics commonly are administered in disorders of sodium balance. Loop diuretics inhibit the Na-K-2Cl transporter and also increase calcium excretion. They are often used in the treatment of hypercalcemia. Thiazide diuretics block the thiazide-sensitive NaCl transporter in the distal convoluted tubule, and can decre...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.09.008
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between increased uric acid (UA) levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been observed and studied for many decades. The value of UA as an independent factor within the metabolic risk profile for prediction of CVD in the normal population remains an issue of ongoing discussion. In turn, increasing ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.08.007
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epidemiology of infection-related glomerulonephritis is undergoing striking changes, particularly in developed countries. The incidence of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSAGN) is decreasing because of the successful treatment of streptococcal infections. In contrast, because of the emergence of antib...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.06.008
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is a new disease whose incidence has peaked and receded over the past decade. It occurs in the presence of significant renal impairment, either acute or chronic (MDRD creatinine clearance of <30 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), and is associated with the administration of gadolinium-based contrast (GBC...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.05.010
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mortality of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, including those receiving long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD), has remained unacceptably high owing to the prevalence of cardiovascular disease. It is well recognized that both traditional Framingham risk factors and kidney disease-related risk factors may contr...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.01.005
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kidney disease has been shown to be highly prevalent in cancer patients in the IRMA studies (Renal Insufficiency and Anticancer Medications). Furthermore, anticancer drugs used in those patients, among which half have abnormal renal function, necessitate dosage adjustment in case of reduced renal function and/or is po...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2010.09.003
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organs are complex structures that consist of multiple tissues with different levels of gene expression. To achieve comprehensive coverage and accurate quantitation data, organs ideally should be separated into morphologic and/or functional substructures before gene or protein expression analysis. However, because of ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2010.07.006
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract anatomy (CAKUT) are common in children and represent approximately 30% of all prenatally diagnosed malformations. CAKUT is phenotypically variable and can affect the kidney(s) alone and/or the lower urinary tract. The spectrum includes more common anomalies such as ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2010.06.004
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophages have long been regarded as classic mediators of innate immunity because of their production of proinflammatory cytokines and their ability to induce apoptotic cell death. As a result of such activities and the detrimental long-term effect of kidney inflammation, macrophages principally have been regarded a...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2010.03.011
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent breakthroughs in genomics have led to a critical reappraisal of factors once thought to initiate common complex forms of kidney disease. The tenet that diabetes mellitus and hypertension routinely initiate kidney disease whenever blood glucose concentrations or systemic blood pressures reach critical levels for...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2010.01.002
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP) is a free, community-based, kidney disease screening program designed to detect chronic kidney disease (CKD) early and promote follow-up evaluation with clinicians to ultimately improve outcomes. This program screens individuals with diabetes, hypertension, or those with a fi...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2009.10.004
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kidney function declines with age in association with the development of age-associated glomerulosclerosis. The well-established structural and functional changes with age are reviewed briefly. The modification of aging pathology by calorie restriction is discussed. The role of the podocyte as a critical cell in the a...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2009.07.012
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An expanding proportion of people in the United States and worldwide are affected by kidney disease, leading to a growing concern over the public health implications. Despite the high prevalence and the considerable associated health risks of kidney disease, major gaps in our knowledge base hinder the delivery of opti...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2009.06.002
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major challenge facing the nephrology community in the United States is the training of adequate numbers of nephrologists to meet patient care and research needs. There is particular cause for concern because of the increasing incidence and prevalence of patients with chronic kidney disease. Data on the clinical and...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2009.06.011
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Remarkable advances have been made in the past decade in understanding the pathophysiology of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Although the initiating events leading to the onset of proteinuria still are not well defined, it has become increasingly clear that many glomerular diseases can be classified as podocytopathies...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2009.03.015
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent new insights into the determinants of the plasma water sodium concentration ([Na(+)](pw)) have played an important role in advancing our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of the dysnatremias. Central to these recent advances is the recognition of the full significance of the Edelman equation disco...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2009.03.006
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::As kidney function declines, chronic kidney disease (CKD) becomes an increasingly systemic disorder. Most patients with CKD eventually develop subclinical or clinical abnormalities in bone and mineral metabolism. Recent observational and basic scientific studies have led to a new emphasis on the changes in phosphorus ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2009.01.002
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The progressive decline of glomerular filtration rate in chronic kidney disease patients is associated with a significant reduction in food intake. Approximately one third of chronic dialysis patients complain of a fair or poor appetite and this is related directly to poor patient outcomes. Appetite regulation involve...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.10.003
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Before the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, more than 40% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children experienced renal complications. In sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 2.1 million children are infected with HIV-1. In the absence of antiretroviral therapy, young African children frequently d...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.09.001
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a common and devastating problem in clinical medicine. A major reason is the lack of early biomarkers for AKI, and hence an unacceptable delay in initiating therapy. Fortunately, the application of innovative technologies has uncovered several novel biomarkers. The most promising o...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.05.010
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the most important and lethal effects of animal venoms is nephrotoxicity. In Latin America, severe acute kidney injury has been reported after accidents with poisonous arthropods such as bees, caterpillars of the genus Lonomia, and spiders of the genus Loxosceles. In this article the characteristics of these ve...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.04.006
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kidney plays a critical role in regulating water homeostasis through specific proteins highly expressed in the kidney, called aquaporins, allowing water permeation at a high rate. This brief review focuses on some nephropathies associated with impaired urinary concentrating ability and in particular analyzes the r...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.03.007
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Minimally invasive therapies for urolithiasis including extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, and percutaneous nephrostolithotomy are highly efficacious, yet expensive. Medical expulsive therapy offers a cost-effective, nonsurgical approach for appropriate patients with ureteral stones. The use of hormo...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.01.002
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compelling evidence points to a role for IgA receptors in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. The soluble form of the type I IgA receptor (FcalphaRI or CD89) forms complexes with IgA that can be found in patients' serum and that initiate the disease in CD89 transgenic mice. A nonclassic IgA receptor, identified as th...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.10.010
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An important component of nephrology research is the discovery of novel proteins that control cellular and molecular events that contribute to normal kidney cell biology and disease. Identifying perturbation of normal cellular protein expression and interactions within signaling networks is critical for understanding ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.09.008
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overweight and obesity are associated with arterial hypertension. Given the large increase in the obesity prevalence worldwide, the number of obese patients with hypertension is likely to increase substantially in the near future. Overweight and obese patients are exposed to an important metabolic and cardiovascular r...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.07.009
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Worldwide, more than 250,000 individuals who have received a liver, heart, lung, or intestinal transplant are living longer. Twenty percent to 25% of these recipients experience perioperative acute renal failure, with 10% to 15% requiring renal replacement therapy. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is also highly prevalent...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.03.010
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small lipids such as eicosanoids exert diverse and complex functions. In addition to their role in regulating normal kidney function, these lipids also play important roles in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Increased glomerular cyclooxygenase (COX)1 or COX2 expression has been reported in patients with nephritis...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.02.008
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human nuclear genome consists of approximately 3 billion nucleotides. Human beings are 99% similar in DNA sequence to each other, but natural genetic variation in approximately 1% of the DNA sequence is responsible for interindividual differences, including determining who will develop disease and who will remain ...
journal_title:Seminars in nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.01.003
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00